WHAT IS MAGNESIUM CARBONATE

Magnesium carbonate is an inorganic chemical compound. Its chemical structure has a molecular formula (MgCO3). Its anhydrous form (free from water) is called magnesite also, di, tri, and even pentahydrates having other chemical properties different from each other. Its other names are magnesia alba, Magnesium as well as Carbonate salt. It is soluble in acid (anhydrous). Practically insoluble in ethanol and acetone. It occurs naturally as magnesite minerals thus the main source of elemental magnesium. It reacts with acids. Various base forms of magnesium exist mainly as minerals.

Physical Properties

It appears as greyish-white, yellowish-white, or brown crystalline solid or powder. It has a trigonal structure. It is hygroscopic (absorbs moisture from air). It decomposes at 350°C. Sometimes used to produce carbon dioxide (CO2). It is moderately toxic and when heated, it emits irritating fumes.

Uses of Magnesium Carbonate

Magnesium Carbonate has various applications. It is used in pharmaceuticals.

• It is used in the treatment of indigestion and dietary supplementation.
• It is used in toothpaste and cosmetics.
• It is generally utilized as a drying agent (most often referred to as Chalk) for mountain climbing and weight-lifting.
• It is mainly used in fire extinguishing composition, fireproofing, and even flooring.
• It is used in food as an anticaking agent, color retention, and drying agent.
• High purity magnesium is used as an Antacid.
• It is used in pesticides as well as in pet care products.

Preparation

Magnesium Carbonate can be produced in the laboratory by the chemical process of Magnesium Chloride and Sodium Bicarbonate. Also, it is obtained by mining the mineral magnesite.

Chemical Properties

• Magnesium Carbonate reacts with aqueous acids.
• Insoluble in ammonia and alcohol etc.
• It decomposes at high temperatures to produce magnesium oxide (Calcining Process).
• It is odorless, light, and bulky white powder.
• It is a colorless crystal.
• Its refractive index is 1.5a and 1.7b
• It is also stable in the air.

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