Physical Properties
Chemical Formula | HCOOH |
Appearance | Colourless fuming liquid |
Melting Point | -15°C |
Boiling Point | 107oC |
Specific Gravity | 1.19 @ 25oC |
Molar Mass | 46.02 g/mole |
Density | 1.220 g/mL |
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Formic acid is also known as methanoic acid and is the simplest carboxylic acid. Formic acid has the chemical formula H2CO2 and completely miscible with water. It is a colorless liquid with a pungent, vinegar-like odor; and ten times strong acid than acetic acid. Formic acid occurs in some insects like ants and bees naturally. Formic acid contains a single carboxylic acid group linked to the hydrogen atom.
Formic acid has prepared with many methods. But the most common process to obtain formic acid is reacting sodium form-ate with sulfuric acid or treating form-amide with sulfuric acid. There is another method for its preparation which is the hydrolysis of methyl for-mate.
Formic acid is the simplest carboxylic acid and has a wide range of uses on the industrial level. The central application of it is food preservative and anti-bacterial agent in livestock feed. Formic acid has used in producing leather. Its uses also include tanning, dyeing, and finishing textiles all over the globe. Formic acid applications include; as an alternative to various mineral acids in cleaning products like lime-scale remover and toilet bowl cleaner. Formic acid stops many decay process and kill microbes that’s why it is one of the cattle food preservatives. As formic acid is an acid, a coagulant in rubber synthesis uses it in all continents. It is an effective treatment against warts. It also has potential application in soldering because of its capacity to decrease oxide layers.
In its dilute form, formic acid is non-toxic. But in its concentrated form, formic acid is harmful and corrosive. On inhalation of fumes of formic acid may cause irritation and swelling of the mucous membrane. In contact with skin or eyes may cause burns and blisters.
It is used in numerous industrial applications like:-
… and many more.
Details of SNDB Chemicals Formic Acid can be found below:-
Chemical Formula | HCOOH |
Appearance | Colourless fuming liquid |
Melting Point | -15°C |
Boiling Point | 107oC |
Specific Gravity | 1.19 @ 25oC |
Molar Mass | 46.02 g/mole |
Density | 1.220 g/mL |
Parameters | Unit | Formic Acid 85% |
Appearance | – | Colourless Liquid |
Total Acidity as HCOOH | % min | 98 |
Non Volatile matter | % max | 0.08 |
Sulphates (as SO4) | % max | 0.005 |
Chlorides (as Cl) | % max | 0.005 |
Insoluble matter in water | max ppm | 50 |
Iron (as Fe) | max ppm | 50 |
Heavy metals (as Pb) | max ppm | 20 |